Broad-winged Hawk

This is a classic tail feather from an adult Broad-winged Hawk. These hawks are small, chunky Buteos with broad wings and short tails. Adults are distinguished by their bold black-and-white tail bands, which are visible from a great distance when the bird soars. They are famous for their spectacular long-distance migrations.

Striking pattern of alternating wide, horizontal bands of dark chocolate brown and crisp white/off-white. The tip typically ends in a dark band followed by a very thin white terminal edge.

Pennaceous and tightly interlocked throughout the main vane to provide steering during flight; plumulaceous (downy) at the very base near the calamus for insulation.

The rachis is stiff and light-colored (white to cream) on the underside, transitioning to a darker pigment on the dorsal side within the dark bands. Barbs are densely packed and perpendicular to the rachis.

Smooth, stiff, and somewhat glossy on the upper surface to repel water and maintain aerodynamic integrity. The trailing edges are firm, unlike the soft silencers found on owls.

Tail (Rectrix). The bold, equal-width banding is a diagnostic feature of the Broad-winged Hawk's tail.

Equal-width alternating dark and white bands; broad width relative to length; stiff rachis; rounded tip.

Deciduous or mixed coniferous-deciduous forests, often near water or openings; prefers nesting in deep woods but hunts along edges.

Breeds across Eastern North America and the mid-west; migrates in massive flocks called 'kettles' to wintering grounds in Central and South America.

An intermediate predator that maintains forest health by preying on small mammals, amphibians, and large insects. They are sensitive to forest fragmentation.

Red-shouldered Hawk (has narrower white bands and more numerous bands), Cooper's Hawk (longer, narrower tail feathers with uneven gray/brown banding).

During migration, Broad-winged Hawks can form groups (kettles) containing thousands of individuals. It is one of the few North American raptors that migrates in such large, concentrated social groups.

Historically, raptor feathers have held significant spiritual importance to many Indigenous North American tribes, symbolizing strength and vision. However, their use is strictly regulated by law today.

Look for these under forest canopies or along forest edges in late summer (molting season). Their presence is often announced by their high-pitched, piercing 'pwee-eeee' whistle.

The feather appears to be in Good to Excellent condition. The barbs are mostly intact, suggesting it was recently molted. Some minor separation (zippering) is visible near the base.