Kaka

The Kaka is a large, forest-dwelling parrot native to New Zealand, closely related to the alpine Kea. Its plumage is subdued at rest but reveals bright crimson patches in flight, and it is known for strong, curved bill adaptations used to strip bark in search of food.

Body feathers are olive-brown with darker scalloped edging across the back and wings, giving a scaly appearance at close range. A grayish-white crown and nape contrast with a darker cheek patch. The underwing coverts and rump are bright crimson-red, normally hidden when the bird is perched but conspicuous in flight, a key distinguishing feature from the more uniformly gray-green Kea. Flight feathers are broad, strong, and grayish-brown, built for powerful, direct flight. Isolated crimson underwing feathers strongly indicate this species or its close relative, the Kea, distinguished from the Kea by the Kaka's warmer overall brown tone versus the Kea's cooler olive-green.

Sexes are broadly similar in plumage, though males average slightly larger with a longer, more strongly curved bill. Juveniles show duller coloration with less contrast in the crown and cheek patch. Molt is gradual, and the bright crimson underwing and rump feathers are maintained year-round rather than being seasonal.

Kaka inhabit native forest across New Zealand, historically widespread but now more restricted to areas with intact old-growth forest and predator control. The species is non-migratory, remaining resident within forest home ranges, though it may make local movements linked to seasonal food sources such as flowering or fruiting trees.

Kaka feed on a broad diet of fruit, nectar, sap, and invertebrates, often using their strong bills to strip bark or excavate wood in search of grubs. They nest in tree cavities, typically in large old trees. Their calls include loud, harsh screeches and softer, more musical notes given in social interactions. They are often social outside the breeding season, gathering at abundant food sources.