Scarlet-chested Sunbird

Overview

The Scarlet-chested Sunbird is a widespread species across sub-Saharan Africa, favoring savanna, woodland edges, and gardens. Its bold scarlet breast patch makes adult males one of the more readily identifiable sunbirds in the region.

Males are mostly blackish-brown, with an iridescent green crown and throat and a bright velvety scarlet patch across the breast. Females lack the bright colors, appearing dark brownish overall with fine pale streaking below.

Feather Identification

• Body feathers: Males mostly blackish-brown, with an iridescent green crown and throat patch
• Breast feathers: Bright, velvety scarlet-red patch across the upper breast in males, contrasting sharply with the dark surrounding plumage
• Female feathers: Dark brownish above, with fine pale streaking on the underparts, lacking iridescence or scarlet coloring
• Shaft color: Dark throughout, including within the scarlet patch
• Size: Small to medium for a sunbird, robust-bodied compared to some smaller relatives
• Similar species: The combination of a dark body, green throat, and scarlet breast patch is distinctive among African sunbirds; females resemble other dark, streaked sunbirds and are best told by range

Plumage Details

Adult males show blackish-brown body plumage, an iridescent green crown and throat, and a brilliant scarlet patch across the upper breast. Females are dark brownish above with fine pale streaking below, lacking bright coloration. Juveniles resemble females. There is no strong seasonal plumage change, with males typically retaining their scarlet patch year-round.

Habitat & Range

Scarlet-chested Sunbirds are widespread across sub-Saharan Africa, from West Africa through East and into parts of southern Africa, inhabiting savanna, woodland edge, gardens, and cultivated land. The species is largely resident, occurring across a broad range of habitats at low to moderate elevations.

Behavior & Field Notes

This sunbird feeds on nectar from a variety of flowering plants and trees, and also takes small insects, particularly when feeding young. It is often seen singly or in pairs, defending flowering territories from other nectar feeders. Nests are domed structures with a side entrance, built in shrubs or low trees. Calls include sharp chips and a distinctive, somewhat harsh song, often given from a prominent perch.